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Status Affiliate Faculty

Home Department of Psychology

Phone 244-8373

Email afkramer@illinois.edu

Address 2247 Beckman Institute, 405 North Mathews Avenue

  • Biography

    Arthur Kramer is the Director of the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology (as of June 2010) and the Swanlund Chair and Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of Illinois.   He received his Ph.D. in Cognitive/Experimental Psychology from the University of Illinois in 1984. He holds appointments in the Department of Psychology, Neuroscience program, and the Beckman Institute. Professor Kramer’s research projects include topics in Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Aging, and Human Factors.  A major focus of his labs recent research is the understanding and enhancement of cognitive and neural plasticity across the lifespan.  He is a former Associate Editor of Perception and Psychophysics and is currently a member of six editorial boards. Professor Kramer is also a fellow of the American Psychological Association, American Psychological Society, a former member of the executive committee of the International Society of Attention and Performance, and a recent recipient of a NIH Ten Year MERIT Award. Professor Kramer’s research has been featured in a long list of print, radio and electronic media including the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Washington Post, Chicago Tribune, CBS Evening News, Today Show, NPR and Saturday Night Live.

  • Research

    Art Kramer's research focuses on several different topics. First, he and his students are interested in understanding changes in various aspects of cognition, and the supporting brain structure and function, across the adult lifespan. For example, he has been examining the manner in which executive control processes (e.g. planning, scheduling, working memory, inhibition, task coordination) change from early to late adulthood and has discovered that contrary to the modal view changes in these processes are selective rather than general in nature. Furthermore, he has found substantial individual differences in the rate of change in these processes across the adult lifespan and is currently examining the source of these differences. Second, Kramer and his students are interested in interventions that can capitalize on the cognitive and brain plasticity of older adults in an effort to enhance cognitive vitality throughout the lifespan. To that end, they have conducted, and are in the process of conducting, a series of randomized clinical trials exploring the effects of aerobic fitness training and cognitive training on brain function and selective aspects of cognition of older adults. In recent cross-sectional and longitudinal studies they have discovered substantial sparing of selective regions of cortical gray and white matter for lifetime exercisers and have also observed that older individuals who are aerobically trained show interesting changes, potentially reflecting more efficient processing, in patterns of cortical activation (as reflected through fMRI), as they perform a series of cognitive tasks. Ongoing research is following up these intriguing findings and examining the influence of multi-task training on regional changes in patterns of brain activation of old and young adults.

    Kramer and his research group are also interested in understanding how humans search for and extract critical details of the visual environment. To that end they have developed a number of novel paradigms, in collaboration with their colleagues at the University of Illinois and other universities, to examine issues such as the manner in which covert and overt (eye movements) attention are coordinated during visual search, the role and nature of memory processes during search in complex visual environments, and the manner in which humans construct and maintain representations of scenes as they move through complex environments. He has been examining these issues in both well controlled laboratory environments as well as in simulated real-world environments such as automobile driving (using the high fidelity driving simulator in the Beckman Institute) and in artificial environments created in Beckman Institutes six-sided CUBE.

    To these research questions, Kramer and colleagues bring to bear methodologies ranging from reaction time and accuracy, and simulation and mathematical modeling to neuroimaging techniques, such as event-related brain potentials and functional and anatomical MRI.

    Kramer's research receives support from the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Health, the National Science Foundation, the Institute for the Study of Aging, General Motors Corporation, the Federal Aviation Administration, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.

  • 2014

    • Baniqued, P. L.; Kranz, M. B.; Voss, M. W.; Lee, H. K.; Cosman, J. D.; Severson, J.; Kramer, A. F., Cognitive Training with Casual Video Games: Points to Consider. Frontiers in Psychology 2014, 4, (1010), 1-19, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.01010.
    • Baym, C. L.; Khan, N. A.; Monti, J. M.; Raine, L. B.; Drollette, E. S.; Moore, R. D.; Scudder, M. R.; Kramer, A. F.; Hillman, C. H.; Cohen, N. J., Dietary Lipids Are Differentially Associated with Hippocampal-Dependent Relational Memory in Prepubescent Children. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2014, 99, (5), 1026-1033, DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.079624.
    • Fabiani, M.; Gordon, B. A.; Maclin, E. L.; Pearson, M. A.; Brumback-Peltz, C. R.; Low, K. A.; McAuley, E.; Sutton, B. P.; Kramer, A. F.; Gratton, G., Neurovascular Coupling in Normal Aging: A Combined Optical, ERP and FMRI Study. Neuroimage 2014, 85, 592-607, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.04.113.
    • Gaspar, J. G.; Neider, M. B.; Crowell, J. A.; Lutz, A.; Kaczmarski, H.; Kramer, A. F., Are Gamers Better Crossers? An Examination of Action Video Game Experience and Dual Task Effects in a Simulated Street Crossing Task. Human Factors 2014, 56, (3), 443-452, DOI: 10.1177/0018720813499930.
    • Gothe, N. P.; Fanning, J.; Awick, E.; Chung, D.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Olson, E. A.; Mullen, S. P.; Voss, M.; Erickson, K. I.; Kramer, A. F.; McAuley, E., Executive Function Processes Predict Mobility Outcomes in Older Adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2014, 62, (2), 285-290, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12654.
    • He, J. B.; McCarley, J. S.; Kramer, A. F., Lane Keeping under Cognitive Load: Performance Changes and Mechanisms. Human Factors 2014, 56, (2), 414-426.
    • Loschky, L. C.; Ringer, R. V.; Johnson, A. P.; Larson, A. M.; Neider, M.; Kramer, A. F., Blur Detection Is Unaffected by Cognitive Load. Visual Cognition 2014, 22, (3), 522-547, DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2014.884203.
    • Nikolaidis, A.; Voss, M. W.; Lee, H.; Vo, L. T. K.; Kramer, A. F., Parietal Plasticity after Training with a Complex Video Game Is Associated with Individual Differences in Improvements in an Untrained Working Memory Task. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2014, 8, (169), 1-11, DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00169.

    2013

    • Alves, H.; Voss, M. W.; Boot, W. R.; Deslanders, A.; Cossich, V.; Salles, J. I.; Kramer, A. F., Perceptual Cognitive Expertise in Elite Volleyball Players. Frontiers in Movement Science and Sport Psychology 2013, 4, (1), 1-36.
    • Baniqued, P. L.; Lee, H.; Voss, M. W.; Basak, C.; Cosman, J. D.; DeSouza, S.; Severson, J.; Salthouse, T. A.; Kramer, A. F., Selling Points: What Cognitive Abilities Are Tapped by Casual Video Games? Acta Psychologica 2013, 142, (1), 74-86.
    • Barnes, D. E.; Santos-Modesitt, W.; Poelke, G.; Kramer, A. F.; Castro, C.; Middleton, L. E.; Yaffe, K., The Mental Activity and Exercise (Max) Trial a Randomized Controlled Trial to Enhance Cognitive Function in Older Adults. JAMA Internal Medicine 2013, 173, (9), 797-804, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.189.
    • Chaddock-Heyman, L.; Erickson, K. I.; Voss, M. W.; Knecht, A. M.; Pontifex, M. B.; Castelli, D. M.; Hillman, C. H.; Kramer, A. F., The Effects of Physical Activity on Functional MRI Activation Associated with Cognitive Control in Children: A Randomized Controlled Intervention. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2013, 7.
    • Chaddock-Heyman, L.; Erickson, K. I.; Voss, M. W.; Powers, J. P.; Knecht, A. M.; Pontifex, M. B.; Drollette, E. S.; Moore, R. D.; Raine, L. B.; Scudder, M. R.; Hillman, C. H.; Kramer, A. F., White Matter Microstructure Is Associated with Cognitive Control in Children. Biological Psychology 2013, 94, (1), 109-115, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.05.008.
    • Espeland, M. A.; Katula, J. A.; Rushing, J.; Kramer, A. F.; Jennings, J. M.; Sink, K. M.; Nadkarni, N. K.; Reid, K. F.; Castro, C. M.; Church, T.; Kerwin, D. R.; Williamson, J. D.; Marottoli, R. A.; Rushing, S.; Marsiske, M.; Rapp, S. R.; Grp, L. S., Performance of a Computer-Based Assessment of Cognitive Function Measures in Two Cohorts of Seniors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2013, 28, (12), 1239-1250, DOI: 10.1002/gps.3949.
    • Fu, W. T.; Lee, H.; Boot, W. R.; Kramer, A. F., Bridging across Cognitive Training and Brain Plasticity: A Neurally Inspired Computational Model of Interactive Skill Learning. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science 2013, 4, (2), 225-236.
    • Gaspar, J. G.; Neider, M. B.; Simons, D. J.; McCarley, J. S.; Kramer, A. F., Change Detection: Training and Transfer. Plos One 2013, 8, (6), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067781.
    • Gaspar, J.; Neider, M. B.; Kramer, A. F., Falls Risk and Simulated Driving Performance in Older Adults. Journal of Aging Research 2013, 1-8, DOI: 10.1155/2013/356948.
    • Monti, J. M.; Voss, M. W.; Pence, A.; McAuley, E.; Kramer, A. F.; Cohen, N. J., History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated with Deficits in Relational Memory, Reduced Hippocampal Volume, and Less Neural Activity Later in Life. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 2013, 5, 9, DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2013.00041.
    • Mullen, S. P.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; Szabo, A. N.; Gothe, N. P.; Olson, E. A.; Fanning, J.; Kramer, A.; McAuley, E., A Profile for Predicting Attrition from Exercise in Older Adults. Prevention Science 2013, 14, (5), 489-496, DOI: 10.1007/s11121-012-0325-y.
    • Neider, M. B.; Ang, C. W.; Voss, M. W.; Carbonari, R.; Kramer, A. F., Training and Transfer of Training in Rapid Visual Search for Camouflaged Targets. Plos One 2013, 8, (12), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083885.
    • Parks, N. A.; Beck, D. M.; Kramer, A. F., Enhancement and Suppression in the Visual Field under Perceptual Load. Frontiers in Psychology 2013, 4, 8, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00275.
    • Raine, L. B.; Lee, H. K.; Saliba, B. J.; Chaddock-Heyman, L.; Hillman, C. H.; Kramer, A. F., The Influence of Childhood Aerobic Fitness on Learning and Memory. Plos One 2013, 8, (9), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072666.
    • Voss, M. W.; Erickson, K. I.; Prakash, R. S.; Chaddock, L.; Kim, J. S.; Alves, H.; Szabo, A.; Phillips, S. M.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; Olson, E. A.; Gothe, N.; Vieira-Potter, V. J.; Martin, S. A.; Pence, B. D.; Cook, M. D.; Woods, J. A.; McAuley, E.; Kramer, A. F., Neurobiological Markers of Exercise-Related Brain Plasticity in Older Adults. Brain Behavior and Immunity 2013, 28, 90-99.
    • Voss, M. W.; Heo, S.; Prakash, R. S.; Erickson, K. I.; Alves, H.; Chaddock, L.; Szabo, A. N.; Mailey, E. L.; Wojcicki, T. R.; White, S. M.; Gothe, N.; McAuley, E.; Sutton, B. P.; Kramer, A. F., The Influence of Aerobic Fitness on Cerebral White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Results of a One-Year Exercise Intervention. Human Brain Mapping 2013, 34, (11), 2972-2985, DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22119.
    • Voss, M. W.; Vivar, C.; Kramer, A. F.; van Praag, H., Bridging Animal and Human Models of Exercise-Induced Brain Plasticity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2013, 17, (10), 525-544, DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.08.001.
    • Voss, M. W.; Wong, C. N.; Baniqued, P. L.; Burdette, J. H.; Erickson, K. I.; Prakash, R. S.; McAuley, E.; Laurienti, P. J.; Kramer, A. F., Aging Brain from a Network Science Perspective: Something to Be Positive About? Plos One 2013, 8, (11), DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078345.
    • Wojcicki, T. R.; Szabo, A. N.; White, S. M.; Mailey, E. L.; Kramer, A. F.; McAuley, E., The Perceived Importance of Physical Activity: Associations with Psychosocial and Health-Related Outcomes. Journal of Physical Activity & Health 2013, 10, (3), 343-349.
    • Yamani, Y.; McCarley, J. S.; Mounts, J. R. W.; Kramer, A. F., Spatial Interference between Attended Items Engenders Serial Visual Processing. Attention Perception & Psychophysics 2013, 75, (2), 229-243.

    2012

    • Anderson-Hanley, C., Arcieo, P.J.,  Brickman, A.M., Nimon, J.P.,  Okuma, O.,  Westen, S.C.,  Merz, M.E.,  Pence, B.D., Woods, J., Kramer, A.F. & Zimmerman, E.A. (2012).  Exergaming Improves Older Adult Cognition: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 42(2), 109-119.
    • Chaddock, L., Erickson, K., Prakash, R., Voss, M., VanPatter, M., Pontifex, M., Hillman, C.  & Kramer, A.F. (2012).  A Functional MRI Investigation of the Association Between Childhood Aerobic Fitness and Neurocognitive Control. Biological Psychology, 89, 260-268.
    • Chaddock, L., Hillman, C., Pontifex, M., Johnson, C., Raine, L. & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Childhood aerobic fitness predicts cognitive performance one year later. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(5), 421-430.
    • Chaddock, L., Neider, M.B., Lutz, A., Hillman, C.H. & Kramer, A.F. (2012). The role of childhood aerobic fitness in successful street crossing. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(4), 749-753.
    • Chaddock, L., Voss, M.W., & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Physical activity and fitness effects on cognition and brain health in children and older adults. Kinesiology Review, 1, 37-45.
    • Erickson, K.I., Weinstein, A.M., Sutton, B.P., Prakash, R.P., Voss, M., Chaddock, L., Szabo, A., Mailey, E., White, S., Wojcicki, T., McAuley, E. & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Beyond vascularization: Aerobic fitness is associated with n-acetylasparate and memory. Brain & Behavior, 2(1), 32-41.
    • Espeland, M. A.; Castro, C. M.; Jennings, J. M.; Katula, J. A.; Kerwin, D. R.; Kramer, A.; Rushing, J., Performance of a Computer-Based Assessment of Cognitive Function in Two Cohorts of Seniors. Gerontologist 2012, 52, 304-304.
    • Lee, H., Boot, W., Basak, C., Voss, M., Prakash, R., Neider, M., Erickson, K., Simons, D., Fabiani, M., Gratton, G., Low, K. & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Performance gains from directed training do not transfer to untrained tasks. Acta Psychologica, 139, 146-158.
    • Lee, H., Mozer, M.C., Kramer, A.F. & Vecera, S.P. (2012). Object-based control of attention to recent experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 38(2), 314-325.
    • Lee, H., Voss, M., Prakash, R., Boot, W., Vo, L., Basak, C., VanPatter, M., Gratton, G., Fabiani, M. & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Videogame training strategy-induced change in brain function during a complex visuomotor task. Behavioural Brain Research, 232, 348-357.
    • Lee, H.; Boot, W. R.; Basak, C.; Voss, M. W.; Prakash, R. S.; Neider, M.; Erickson, K. I.; Simons, D. J.; Fabiani, M.; Gratton, G.; Low, K. A.; Kramer, A. F., Performance Gains from Directed Training Do Not Transfer to Untrained Tasks. Acta Psychologica 2012, 139, (1), 146-158.
    • Lee, H.; Mozer, M. C.; Kramer, A. F.; Vecera, S. P., Object-Based Control of Attention Is Sensitive to Recent Experience. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance 2012, 38, (2), 314-325.
    • Lee, K., Baniqued, P., Cosman, J., Mullen, S., McAuley, E., Severson, J. & Kramer, A.F. (in press). Examining cognitive function across the lifespan using a mobile application. Computers in Human Behavior.
    • Mathewson, K. E.; Basak, C.; Maclin, E. L.; Low, K. A.; Boot, W. R.; Kramer, A. F.; Fabiani, M.; Gratton, G., Different Slopes for Different Folks: Alpha and Delta EEG Power Predict Subsequent Video Game Learning Rate and Improvements in Cognitive Control Tasks. Psychophysiology 2012, 49, (12), 1558-1570.
    • McCarley, J. S.; Yamani, Y.; Kramer, A. F.; Mounts, J. R. W., Age, Clutter, and Competitive Selection. Psychology and Aging 2012, 27, (3), 616-626.
    • Mullen, S.P., Olson, E.A., White, S.A., Szabo, A.N., Wojcicki, T.R., Mailey, E.L., Gothe, N.P., Fanning, J.T., Kramer, A,F. & McAuley, E. (in press). Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in older adults: Invariance of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES) across groups and time. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity.
    • Prakash, R. S.; DeLeon, A.; Mourany, L.; Lee, H.; Voss, M. W.; Boot, W. R.; Basak, C.; Fabiani, M.; Gratton, G.; Kramer, A. F., Examining Neural Correlates of Skill Acquisition in a Complex Videogame Training Program. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2012, 6, 115.
    • Prakash, R., DeLeon, A., Mourany, L., Lee, H., Voss, M., Boor, W., Basak, C., Fabiani, M., Gratton, G. & Kramer, A.F. (in press). Examining neural correlates of skill acquisition in a complex videogame training program. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.
    • Uc, E.; Magnotta, V.; Doerschug, K.; Mehta, S.; Thomsen, T.; Kline, J.; Rizzo, M.; Grabowski, T.; Bruss, J.; Newman, S.; Nicol, J.; Anderson, S.; Dawson, J.; Kramer, A.; Darling, W., Aerobic Fitness, Cognition, and Brain Networks in Parkinson's Disease. Neurology 2012, 78.
    • Verstynen, T. D.; Lynch, B.; Miller, D.; Voss, M. W.; Prakash, R. S.; Chaddock, L.; Basak, C.; Szabo, A.; Olson, E. A.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Fanning, J.; Gothe, N.; McAuley, E.; Kramer, A. F.; Erickson, K. I., Caudate Nucleus Volume Mediates the Link between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults. Journal of Aging Research 2012, 11, DOI: 10.1155/2012/939285.
    • Voss, M. W.; Prakash, R. S.; Erickson, K. I.; Boot, W. R.; Basak, C.; Neider, M. B.; Simons, D. J.; Fabiani, M.; Gratton, G.; Kramer, A. F., Effects of Training Strategies Implemented in a Complex Videogame on Functional Connectivity of Attentional Networks. Neuroimage 2012, 59, (1), 138-148.
    • Voss, M. W.; Wong, C.; Szabo, A. N.; Baniqued, P. L.; Burdette, J. H.; McAuley, E.; Laurienti, P.; Kramer, A., The Relationship of Aerobic Fitness to Brain Network Architecture in Healthy Older Adults. Gerontologist 2012, 52, 670-670.
    • Voss, M., Chaddock, L., Kim, J., VanPatter, M., Pontifex, M., Raine, L., Cohen, N., Hillman, C. H., Kramer, A.F. (in press). Aerobic fitness is associated with greater efficiency of the network underlying cognitive control in preadolescent children. Neuroscience.
    • Voss, M., Heo, S., Prakash, R., Erickson, K.I., Alves, H., Chaddock, L., Szabo, A., Mailey, E., Wojcicki, T., White, S., Gothe, N., McAuley, E., Surron, B. & Kramer, A.F. (in press). The influence of aerobic fitness on cerebral white matter integrity and cognitive function in older adults: Results of a one year exercise study. Human Brain Mapping.
    • Voss, M.W., Prakash, R.S., Erickson, K.I., Boot, W.R., Basak, C., Neider, M.B., Simons, D.B., Fabiani, M., Gratton, G., & Kramer, A.F. (2012). Effects of training strategies implemented in a complex videogame on functional connectivity of attentional networks. NeuroImage, 59 (1), 138-148. 
    • Weinstein, A., Voss, M., Prakash, R., Chaddock, L., Szabo, A., White, S., Wojcicki, T., Mailey, E., McAuley, E., Kramer, A.F. & Erickson, K. (in press). The association between aerobic fitness and executive function is mediated by prefrontal cortex volume. Brain, Behavior & Immunity.
    • Wheatley, D. M.; Scialfa, C. T.; Boot, W.; Kramer, A.; Alexander, A., Minimal Age-Related Deficits in Task Switching, Inhibition, and Oculomotor Control. Experimental Aging Research 2012, 38, (1), 110-129.
    • Wheatley, D.M., Scialfa, C.T., Boot, W., Kramer, A. & Alexander, A. (2012).  Minimal age-related deficits in task switching, inhibition, and oculomotor control. Experimental Aging Research, 38, 110-129.
    • Wojcicki, T., Szabo, A., White, S., Mailey, E., Kramer, A.F. & McAuley, E. (in press). The Perceived Importance of Physical Activity: Associations with Psychosocial and Health-Related Outcomes Journal of Physical Activity & Health.

    2011

    • Chaddock, L.; Neider, M. B.; Voss, M. W.; Gaspar, J. G.; Kramer, A. F., Do Athletes Excel at Everyday Tasks? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2011, 43, (10), 1920-1926.
    • Cramer, S., Sur, M., Dobkin, B., O’Brien, C., Sanger, T., Trojanowski, J., Rumsey, J., Hicks, R., Cameron, J., Chen, D., Chen, W., Cohen, L., deCharms, C., Duffy, C., Eden, G., Fetz, E., Filart, R., Freund, M., Grant, S., Haber, S., Kalivas, P., Kolb, B., Kramer, A,F., Lynch, M., Mayberg, H., McQuillen, P., Nitkin, R., Pascual-Leon, A., Reuter-Lorenz, P., Schiff, N., Sharma, A., Shekim, L., Stryker, M., Sullivan, E. & Vinogradov, S. (2011).  Harnessing neural plasticity in clinical applications. Brain, 134, 1591-1609.
    • McAuley, E., Mullen, S.P., Szabo, A.N., White, S.M.,  Wojcicki, T.R., Mailey, E.L., Gothe, N.P., Olson, E.A., Voss, M., Erickson, K., Prakash, R. & Kramer, A.F. (2011).  Self-regulatory processes and exercise adherence in older adults: Executive function and self-efficacy effects. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 41(3), 284-290.
    • Basak, C., Voss, M., Erickson, K., Boot, W. & Kramer, A.F.  (2011).  Regional differences in brain volume predict the acquisition of skill in a complex real-time strategy videogame. Brain and Cognition, 76, 407-414.
    • Chaddock, L., Neider, M., Voss, M.W., Gasper, J.G. &  Kramer, A.F. (2011).  Do athletes excel at everyday tasks? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 43(10, 1920-1926.
    • Chaddock, L., Pontifex, M., Hillman, C. H. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). A review of the relation of aerobic fitness and physical activity to brain structure and function in children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 17, 1-11.
    • Chaddock, L.; Pontifex, M. B.; Hillman, C. H.; Kramer, A. F., A Review of the Relation of Aerobic Fitness and Physical Activity to Brain Structure and Function in Children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2011, 17, (6), 975-985.
    • Erickson, K.I.,  Voss, M., Prakash, R., Basak, C., Chaddock, L., Kim, J., Heo, S., Alves, H., White, S., Wojcicki, T.,  Mailey, E., Vieira, V.,  Martin, S., Pence, B., Woods, J., McAuley, E. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(7), 3017-3022.
    • Flicker, L., Ambrose, T.L. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Why so negative about preventing cognitive decline and dementia? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6), 465-467.
    • Gothe, N. P.; Mullen, S. P.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; White, S. M.; Olson, E. A.; Szabo, A. N.; Kramer, A. F.; McAuley, E., Trajectories of Change in Self-Esteem in Older Adults: Exercise Intervention Effects. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2011, 34, (4), 298-306.
    • Maclin, E. L., Mathewson, K.E., Low, K.A., Boot, W.R., Kramer, A,F., Fabiani, M. & Gratton, G. (2011).  Learning to multitask:  Effects of video game practice on electrophysiological indices of attention and resource allocation. Psychophysiology, 48, 1173-1183.
    • McAuley, E., Mailey, EL., Mullen, SP., Szabo, AN., Wójcicki, TR., White, SM., Gothe, N., Olson, EA., & Kramer, AF. (2011). Growth trajectories of exercise self-efficacy in older adults: Influence of measures and initial status. Health Psychology, 30, 75-83.
    • McAuley, E., Szabo, A.N., Mailey, E.L., Erickson, K.I., Voss, M., White, S.M., Wojcicki, T.R., Gother, N., Olson, E.A., Mullen, S.P. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness: Associations with brain structure, cognition, and memory complaints in older adults. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 4, 5-11.
    • McAuley, E.; Mullen, S. P.; Szabo, A. N.; White, S. M.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; Gothe, N. P.; Olson, E. A.; Voss, M.; Erickson, K.; Prakash, R.; Kramer, A. F., Self-Regulatory Processes and Exercise Adherence in Older Adults Executive Function and Self-Efficacy Effects. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2011, 41, (3), 284-290.
    • Mullen, S. P.; Olson, E. A.; Phillips, S. M.; Szabo, A. N.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; Gothe, N. P.; Fanning, J. T.; Kramer, A. F.; McAuley, E., Measuring Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Older Adults: Invariance of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (Paces) across Groups and Time. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2011, 8, DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-103.
    • Mullen, S. P.; Olson, E. A.; Phillips, S. M.; Szabo, A. N.; Wojcicki, T. R.; Mailey, E. L.; Gothe, N. P.; Fanning, J. T.; Kramer, A. F.; McAuley, E., Measuring Enjoyment of Physical Activity in Older Adults: Invariance of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (Paces) across Groups and Time. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2011, 8, DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-103.
    • Nagamatsu, L., Voss, M., Neider, M., Gasper, J., Handy, T., Kramer, A.F. & Liu-Ambrose, T. (2011). Increased cognitive load leads to impaired mobility decisions in seniors at risk for falls:  A virtual reality experiment. Psychology & Aging, 26(2), 253-259.
    • Neider, M. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Older adults capitalize on contextual information to guide search. Experimental Aging Research, 37, 539-571.
    • Neider, M. B.; Kramer, A. F., Older Adults Capitalize on Contextual Information to Guide Search. Experimental Aging Research 2011, 37, (5), 539-571.
    • Neider, M., Gasper, J.G., McCarley, J.S., Crowell, J.A., Kaczmarski, H. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Walking and talking: Dual-task effects on street crossing behavior in older adults. Psychology & Aging, 26(2), 260-268.
    • Pontifex, M. B.; Raine, L. B.; Johnson, C. R.; Chaddock, L.; Voss, M. W.; Cohen, N. J.; Kramer, A. F.; Hillman, C. H., Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Flexible Modulation of Cognitive Control in Preadolescent Children. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2011, 23, (6), 1332-1345.
    • Prakash, R., Voss, M., Erickson, K., Lewis, J., Chaddock, L., Malkowski, E., Alves, H., Kim, J., Szabo, A., White, S., Wojcicki, T., Klamm, E., McAuley, E. & Kramer, A.F. (2011). Cardiorespiratory fitness and attentional control in the aging brain. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4 (229), 1-12.
    • Szabo, A. N.; McAuley, E.; Erickson, K. I.; Voss, M.; Prakash, R. S.; Mailey, E. L.; Wojcicki, T. R.; White, S. M.; Gothe, N.; Olson, E. A.; Kramer, A. F., Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Hippocampal Volume, and Frequency of Forgetting in Older Adults. Neuropsychology 2011, 25, (5), 545-553.
    • Szabo, A., Mullen, S.P., White, S.M., Wojcicki, T.M., Mailey, E.L., Gothe, N., Olson, E.A., Fanning, J., Kramer. A.F. & McAuley, E. (2011). Longitudinal invariance and construct validity of the abbreviated late-life function and disability instrument in healthy older adult. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92, 785-791.
    • Szabo, A.N., McAuley, E., Erickson, K.I., Voss, M., Prakash, R.S., Mailey, E,L., Wojcicki, T.R.,  White, S.M., Gothe, N., Olson, E.A. & Kramer, A.F. (2011).  Cardiorespiratory fitness, hippocampal volume, and frequency of forgetting in older adults.  Neuropsychology, 25(5), 543-553.
    • Theeuwes, J., Kramer, A,F. & Irwin, D.E. (2011).  Attention on our mind:  The role of spatial attention in visual working memory.  Acta Psychologica, 137, 248-251.
    • Vo, L., Walther, D., Kramer, A.F., Erickson, K., Boot, W., Voss, M., Prakash, R., Lee, H., Fabiani, M., Gratton, G., Simons, D., Sutton, B. & Wang, M. (2011). Predicting Individuals’ Learning Success from Patterns of Pre-learning MRI Activity. PLoS One, 6(1), 1-9.
    • Voss, M. W.; Chaddock, L.; Kim, J. S.; Vanpatter, M.; Pontifex, M. B.; Raine, L. B.; Cohen, N. J.; Hillman, C. H.; Kramer, A. F., Aerobic Fitness Is Associated with Greater Efficiency of the Network Underlying Cognitive Control in Preadolescent Children. Neuroscience 2011, 199, 166-176.
    • Voss, M. W.; Nagamatsu, L. S.; Liu-Ambrose, T.; Kramer, A. F., Exercise, Brain, and Cognition across the Life Span. Journal of Applied Physiology 2011, 111, (5), 1505-1513.
    • Voss, M., Nagamatsu, L., Liu-Ambrose, T. & Kramer, A.F. (2011).  Exercise, brain, and cognition across the lifespan.  Journal of Applied Physiology, 111, 1505-1513.
    • Wu, C.T., Pontifex, M. B., Raine, L. B., Chaddock, L., Voss, M. W., Kramer, A. F., & Hillman, C. H. (2011). Aerobic fitness and response variability in preadolescent children performing a cognitive control task. Neuropsychology, 25, 333-341.